feat(curriculum): add http and web standards quiz (#67335)

client/i18n/locales/english/intro.json

@@ -7233,6 +7233,13 @@
           "Learn the fundamentals of how web communication works through the HTTP request-response model, explore different types of web assets and responses, and understand how forms handle data submission using various HTTP methods."
         ]
       },
+      "quiz-http-and-the-web-standards-model": {
+        "title": "HTTP and the Web Standards Model Quiz",
+        "intro": [
+          "Test your knowledge of HTTP, DNS, TCP/IP, the request-response model, and web standards.",
+          ""
+        ]
+      },
       "lecture-understanding-rest-api-and-web-services": {
         "title": "Understanding the REST API and Web Services",
         "intro": [

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/quiz-http-and-the-web-standards-model/6a02e90ad969a6287d1b4f87.md

@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+---
+id: 6a02e90ad969a6287d1b4f87
+title: HTTP and the Web Standards Model Quiz
+challengeType: 8
+dashedName: quiz-http-and-the-web-standards-model
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+To pass the quiz, you must correctly answer at least 18 of the 20 questions below.
+
+# --quizzes--
+
+## --quiz--
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+What does DNS stand for, and what is its primary function?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+Data Naming System, it encrypts domain names before sending them over the network.
+
+---
+
+Domain Node Server, it stores files for websites so browsers can download them.
+
+---
+
+Dynamic Network Service, it assigns IP addresses to devices when they connect.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+Domain Name System, it translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+In the DNS resolution process, which component performs the iterative queries through Root Servers, TLD Servers, and Authoritative Name Servers?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+The Authoritative Name Server
+
+---
+
+The TLD Server
+
+---
+
+The Root Server
+
+#### --answer--
+
+The Recursive Resolver
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+What does TCP do that the Internet Protocol (IP) alone does not?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+It routes packets from source to destination using IP addresses.
+
+---
+
+It encrypts data before sending it over the network.
+
+---
+
+It assigns domain names to IP addresses.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+It ensures reliable, ordered delivery by numbering segments and requesting retransmission of lost packets.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Which HTTP method should be used to partially update an existing resource on a server?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+`PUT`
+
+---
+
+`POST`
+
+---
+
+`DELETE`
+
+#### --answer--
+
+`PATCH`
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+What is the correct `Content-Type` header for serving a JSON response?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+`text/json`
+
+---
+
+`text/plain`
+
+---
+
+`application/xml`
+
+#### --answer--
+
+`application/json`
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Which HTTP status code indicates that a requested resource has been permanently moved to a new URL?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+`302`
+
+---
+
+`304`
+
+---
+
+`404`
+
+#### --answer--
+
+`301`
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+What is the difference between a `401 Unauthorized` and a `403 Forbidden` response?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+`401` means the server crashed while `403` means the resource does not exist.
+
+---
+
+`401` is a client error while `403` is a server error.
+
+---
+
+`401` means the resource was permanently moved while `403` means it was temporarily moved.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+`401` means credentials are required while `403` means the client has valid credentials but lacks permission for the resource.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Which part of an HTTP request contains the method, path, and HTTP version?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+The response body
+
+---
+
+The request body
+
+---
+
+The request headers
+
+#### --answer--
+
+The request line
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+What does the `304 Not Modified` status code tell the client?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+The resource was deleted from the server.
+
+---
+
+The request was malformed and should be resent.
+
+---
+
+The server is temporarily unavailable.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+The resource has not changed since the last request, so the client should use its cached version.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+In the HTTP request-response cycle, what happens immediately after the server processes the request?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+The client sends a second request to confirm receipt.
+
+---
+
+The DNS resolver caches the response.
+
+---
+
+The client initiates a new TCP connection.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+The server prepares a response with a status code, headers, and an optional body.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Which HTML attribute specifies where a form sends its data when submitted?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+`method`
+
+---
+
+`name`
+
+---
+
+`type`
+
+#### --answer--
+
+`action`
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Why must server-side validation always be performed even when client-side validation is already in place?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+Client-side validation is not supported in modern browsers.
+
+---
+
+Server-side validation is only needed for file uploads.
+
+---
+
+Client-side validation runs faster than server-side validation.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+Client-side validation can be bypassed, so server-side validation is required for security.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Which standards body maintains HTML and the DOM as a continuously updated living standard?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+W3C
+
+---
+
+ECMA International
+
+---
+
+Khronos Group
+
+#### --answer--
+
+WHATWG
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+What is TC39, and what is its role in the web standards ecosystem?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+A W3C working group responsible for CSS specifications.
+
+---
+
+A browser vendor consortium that decides which features ship in Chrome.
+
+---
+
+A Khronos Group committee that manages WebGL standards.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+A technical committee within ECMA International that advances JavaScript language features through a five-stage proposal process.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+During which stage of the web standards lifecycle does a feature get stress-tested through open discussion, use-case gathering, and competing design approaches?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+Specification testing
+
+---
+
+Finalization testing
+
+---
+
+Interoperability testing
+
+#### --answer--
+
+Incubation
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+What is the purpose of the W3C Web Platform Tests suite during the standards process?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+To rank browser performance for marketing purposes.
+
+---
+
+To replace the need for a written specification.
+
+---
+
+To allow developers to submit new feature proposals.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+To verify that every browser implements a feature identically.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Which principle of web standards ensures that a page built to specification behaves the same way in Chrome, Firefox, and Safari?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+Backwards compatibility
+
+---
+
+Progressive enhancement
+
+---
+
+Openness
+
+#### --answer--
+
+Interoperability
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+What does the principle of progressive enhancement require when designing a web feature?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+The feature must only target the latest browser versions.
+
+---
+
+The feature must be implemented in JavaScript before CSS or HTML.
+
+---
+
+The feature must be finalized before any browser can implement it.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+The feature must work for everyone first, then improve for users with more capable browsers or devices.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Why does the web maintain near-absolute backwards compatibility when introducing new standards?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+New standards always replace old ones, so older pages are automatically updated.
+
+---
+
+Browser vendors are legally required to support every page ever published.
+
+---
+
+Old pages are archived and served from a separate network.
+
+#### --answer--
+
+So that pages built years ago continue to work correctly in modern browsers.
+
+### --question--
+
+#### --text--
+
+Which HTTP status code category is used for server-side errors?
+
+#### --distractors--
+
+`2xx`
+
+---
+
+`3xx`
+
+---
+
+`4xx`
+
+#### --answer--
+
+`5xx`

curriculum/structure/blocks/quiz-http-and-the-web-standards-model.json

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+  "isUpcomingChange": true,
+  "dashedName": "quiz-http-and-the-web-standards-model",
+  "helpCategory": "Backend Development",
+  "blockLayout": "link",
+  "challengeOrder": [
+    {
+      "id": "6a02e90ad969a6287d1b4f87",
+      "title": "HTTP and the Web Standards Model Quiz"
+    }
+  ],
+  "blockLabel": "quiz"
+}

curriculum/structure/superblocks/back-end-development-and-apis-v9.json

@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@
           "comingSoon": true,
           "blocks": [
             "lecture-understanding-how-http-dns-tcpip-work",
-            "lecture-understanding-the-http-request-response-model"
+            "lecture-understanding-the-http-request-response-model",
+            "quiz-http-and-the-web-standards-model"
           ]
         },
         {