--- id: 6a02e90ad969a6287d1b4f87 title: HTTP and the Web Standards Model Quiz challengeType: 8 dashedName: quiz-http-and-the-web-standards-model --- # --description-- To pass the quiz, you must correctly answer at least 18 of the 20 questions below. # --quizzes-- ## --quiz-- ### --question-- #### --text-- What does DNS stand for, and what is its primary function? #### --distractors-- Data Naming System, it encrypts domain names before sending them over the network. --- Domain Node Server, it stores files for websites so browsers can download them. --- Dynamic Network Service, it assigns IP addresses to devices when they connect. #### --answer-- Domain Name System, it translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses. ### --question-- #### --text-- In the DNS resolution process, which component performs the iterative queries through Root Servers, TLD Servers, and Authoritative Name Servers? #### --distractors-- The Authoritative Name Server --- The TLD Server --- The Root Server #### --answer-- The Recursive Resolver ### --question-- #### --text-- What does TCP do that the Internet Protocol (IP) alone does not? #### --distractors-- It routes packets from source to destination using IP addresses. --- It encrypts data before sending it over the network. --- It assigns domain names to IP addresses. #### --answer-- It ensures reliable, ordered delivery by numbering segments and requesting retransmission of lost packets. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which HTTP method should be used to partially update an existing resource on a server? #### --distractors-- `PUT` --- `POST` --- `DELETE` #### --answer-- `PATCH` ### --question-- #### --text-- What is the correct `Content-Type` header for serving a JSON response? #### --distractors-- `text/json` --- `text/plain` --- `application/xml` #### --answer-- `application/json` ### --question-- #### --text-- Which HTTP status code indicates that a requested resource has been permanently moved to a new URL? #### --distractors-- `302` --- `304` --- `404` #### --answer-- `301` ### --question-- #### --text-- What is the difference between a `401 Unauthorized` and a `403 Forbidden` response? #### --distractors-- `401` means the server crashed while `403` means the resource does not exist. --- `401` is a client error while `403` is a server error. --- `401` means the resource was permanently moved while `403` means it was temporarily moved. #### --answer-- `401` means credentials are required while `403` means the client has valid credentials but lacks permission for the resource. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which part of an HTTP request contains the method, path, and HTTP version? #### --distractors-- The response body --- The request body --- The request headers #### --answer-- The request line ### --question-- #### --text-- What does the `304 Not Modified` status code tell the client? #### --distractors-- The resource was deleted from the server. --- The request was malformed and should be resent. --- The server is temporarily unavailable. #### --answer-- The resource has not changed since the last request, so the client should use its cached version. ### --question-- #### --text-- In the HTTP request-response cycle, what happens immediately after the server processes the request? #### --distractors-- The client sends a second request to confirm receipt. --- The DNS resolver caches the response. --- The client initiates a new TCP connection. #### --answer-- The server prepares a response with a status code, headers, and an optional body. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which HTML attribute specifies where a form sends its data when submitted? #### --distractors-- `method` --- `name` --- `type` #### --answer-- `action` ### --question-- #### --text-- Why must server-side validation always be performed even when client-side validation is already in place? #### --distractors-- Client-side validation is not supported in modern browsers. --- Server-side validation is only needed for file uploads. --- Client-side validation runs faster than server-side validation. #### --answer-- Client-side validation can be bypassed, so server-side validation is required for security. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which standards body maintains HTML and the DOM as a continuously updated living standard? #### --distractors-- W3C --- ECMA International --- Khronos Group #### --answer-- WHATWG ### --question-- #### --text-- What is TC39, and what is its role in the web standards ecosystem? #### --distractors-- A W3C working group responsible for CSS specifications. --- A browser vendor consortium that decides which features ship in Chrome. --- A Khronos Group committee that manages WebGL standards. #### --answer-- A technical committee within ECMA International that advances JavaScript language features through a five-stage proposal process. ### --question-- #### --text-- During which stage of the web standards lifecycle does a feature get stress-tested through open discussion, use-case gathering, and competing design approaches? #### --distractors-- Specification testing --- Finalization testing --- Interoperability testing #### --answer-- Incubation ### --question-- #### --text-- What is the purpose of the W3C Web Platform Tests suite during the standards process? #### --distractors-- To rank browser performance for marketing purposes. --- To replace the need for a written specification. --- To allow developers to submit new feature proposals. #### --answer-- To verify that every browser implements a feature identically. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which principle of web standards ensures that a page built to specification behaves the same way in Chrome, Firefox, and Safari? #### --distractors-- Backwards compatibility --- Progressive enhancement --- Openness #### --answer-- Interoperability ### --question-- #### --text-- What does the principle of progressive enhancement require when designing a web feature? #### --distractors-- The feature must only target the latest browser versions. --- The feature must be implemented in JavaScript before CSS or HTML. --- The feature must be finalized before any browser can implement it. #### --answer-- The feature must work for everyone first, then improve for users with more capable browsers or devices. ### --question-- #### --text-- Why does the web maintain near-absolute backwards compatibility when introducing new standards? #### --distractors-- New standards always replace old ones, so older pages are automatically updated. --- Browser vendors are legally required to support every page ever published. --- Old pages are archived and served from a separate network. #### --answer-- So that pages built years ago continue to work correctly in modern browsers. ### --question-- #### --text-- Which HTTP status code category is used for server-side errors? #### --distractors-- `2xx` --- `3xx` --- `4xx` #### --answer-- `5xx`