feat(curriculum): add dynamic programming review for JS cert (#65991)

Co-authored-by: Zaira <33151350+zairahira@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: majestic-owl448 <26656284+majestic-owl448@users.noreply.github.com>

client/i18n/locales/english/intro.json

@@ -3335,6 +3335,12 @@
           "In this lab, you will implement a function that converts an adjacency list representation of a graph into an adjacency matrix representation."
         ]
       },
+      "review-dynamic-programming-js": {
+        "title": "Dynamic Programming Review",
+        "intro": [
+          "Before you're quizzed on dynamic programming, you should review what you've learned about it."
+        ]
+      },
       "quiz-dynamic-programming-js": {
         "title": "Dynamic Programming Quiz",
         "intro": [

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/review-dynamic-programming-js/6999b92ca334e9cf237dc92d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+---
+id: 6999b92ca334e9cf237dc92d
+title: Dynamic Programming Review
+challengeType: 31
+dashedName: review-dynamic-programming-js
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+## Introduction to Dynamic Programming
+
+- **Definition**: Dynamic programming is an algorithmic technique that solves complex problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems and storing the results to avoid redundant calculations. 
+- **Overlapping Subproblems**: The same smaller problems appear multiple times when solving the larger problem. Instead of recalculating these subproblems repeatedly, we store their solutions.
+- **Optimal Substructure**: The optimal solution to the problem contains optimal solutions to its subproblems. This means we can build up the best solution by combining the best solutions to smaller parts.
+
+## Dynamic Programming Solutions
+
+- **Memoization (Top-Down Approach)**: Memoization stores the results of expensive function calls and returns the cached result when the same inputs occur again. 
+
+```js
+function climbStairsMemo(n, memo = {}) {
+  // If already calculated, return cached value
+  if (memo[n] !== undefined) {
+    return memo[n];
+  }
+
+  // Base cases: 1 way for 1 step, 2 ways for 2 steps
+  if (n <= 2) {
+    return n;
+  }
+
+  // Calculate once and store in memo for future use
+  memo[n] =
+    climbStairsMemo(n - 1, memo) +
+    climbStairsMemo(n - 2, memo);
+
+  return memo[n];
+}
+```
+
+- **Tabulation (Bottom-Up Approach)**: Tabulation builds the solution from the ground up, filling a table with solutions to subproblems.
+
+```js
+function climbStairsTabulation(n) {
+  if (n <= 2) {
+    return n;
+  }
+
+  // Create an array to store solutions from 0 to n
+  const dp = new Array(n + 1).fill(0);
+
+  // Base cases
+  dp[1] = 1; // 1 way to reach step 1
+  dp[2] = 2; // 2 ways to reach step 2
+
+  // Build up the solution iteratively
+  for (let i = 3; i <= n; i++) {
+    // Ways to reach step i = ways to reach (i-1) + ways to reach (i-2)
+    dp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];
+  }
+
+  return dp[n];
+}
+```
+
+## Real-World Applications Using Dynamic Programming
+
+- **Route Optimization**: GPS systems use dynamic programming algorithms to find shortest paths between locations.
+- **Text Processing**: Spell checkers and autocomplete features often rely on dynamic programming to calculate edit distances between words.
+- **Financial Modeling**: Investment strategies and portfolio optimization frequently employ dynamic programming techniques.
+- **Resource Allocation**: The knapsack problem and its variants appear in scheduling, budgeting, and resource management.
+
+## When to Use Dynamic Programming
+
+You should consider using dynamic programming in the following scenarios:
+
+- The problem can be broken down into overlapping subproblems.
+- The problem exhibits optimal substructure.
+- A naive recursive solution would involve repeated calculations.
+- You need to optimize for time complexity at the cost of space complexity.
+
+# --assignment--
+
+Review Dynamic Programming topics and concepts.

curriculum/structure/blocks/review-dynamic-programming-js.json

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "name": "Dynamic Programming Review",
+  "isUpcomingChange": true,
+  "dashedName": "review-dynamic-programming-js",
+  "helpCategory": "JavaScript",
+  "blockLayout": "link",
+  "challengeOrder": [
+    { "id": "6999b92ca334e9cf237dc92d", "title": "Dynamic Programming Review" }
+  ],
+  "blockLabel": "review"
+}

curriculum/structure/superblocks/javascript-v9.json

@@ -322,7 +322,10 @@
         {
           "dashedName": "dynamic-programming",
           "comingSoon": true,
-          "blocks": ["quiz-dynamic-programming-js"]
+          "blocks": [
+            "review-dynamic-programming-js",
+            "quiz-dynamic-programming-js"
+          ]
         },
         {
           "dashedName": "functional-programming",